Multi-user Visible Light Communications with Probabilistic Constellation Shaping and Precoding
作者: Thang K. Nguyen, Thanh V. Pham, Hoang D. Le, Chuyen T. Nguyen, Anh T. Pham
分类: eess.SY
发布日期: 2025-02-13
备注: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2408.02990
💡 一句话要点
提出联合设计以提升多用户可见光通信的总速率
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱八:物理动画 (Physics-based Animation)
关键词: 可见光通信 概率星座塑形 预编码 多用户系统 信号优化 鲁棒设计 萤火虫算法
📋 核心要点
- 现有的多用户可见光通信方法在总速率性能上存在不足,尤其是在信号幅度约束条件下。
- 本文提出了一种联合优化概率星座塑形和预编码的方法,以提升多用户VLC的总速率性能。
- 仿真结果显示,采用联合设计的总速率在8-PAM和16-PAM情况下分别提高了17.5%和19.2%。
📝 摘要(中文)
本文提出了一种联合设计概率星座塑形(PCS)和预编码的方法,以增强多用户可见光通信(VLC)广播信道的总速率性能,同时满足信号幅度约束。在该设计中,针对每个用户的双极$M$脉冲幅度调制($M$-PAM)符号的传输概率和发射预编码矩阵被联合优化,以提高总速率性能。由于目标函数的非凸性,联合设计问题被证明是一个复杂的多变量非凸问题。为了解决这一非凸优化问题,采用了一种自然启发的启发式优化方法——萤火虫算法(FA),但该方法计算复杂度较高。因此,使用零强迫(ZF)预编码,提出了一种低复杂度设计,并采用交替优化方法进行求解。此外,考虑到信道不确定性,本文还提出了一种基于自编码器(AE)的端到端学习的鲁棒设计。仿真结果表明,采用PCS的联合设计在总速率性能上显著优于传统的均匀信号设计。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决多用户可见光通信中总速率性能不足的问题,尤其是在信号幅度受限的情况下,现有方法往往无法有效优化信号传输。
核心思路:通过联合设计概率星座塑形(PCS)和预编码,优化每个用户的符号传输概率与发射矩阵,以提升总速率性能。采用萤火虫算法解决非凸优化问题,同时引入低复杂度的零强迫预编码设计。
技术框架:整体流程包括:1) 确定信道模型与用户需求;2) 设计概率星座塑形;3) 联合优化预编码矩阵;4) 采用交替优化方法求解;5) 进行鲁棒设计以应对信道不确定性。
关键创新:本研究的主要创新在于将概率星座塑形与预编码联合优化,显著提升了多用户VLC的总速率性能,尤其是在信号幅度约束下的表现。
关键设计:在设计中,采用了双极$M$-PAM符号的传输概率优化,损失函数考虑了信号幅度约束,网络结构中引入了自编码器以增强鲁棒性。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,采用联合设计的总速率在8-PAM和16-PAM情况下分别提高了17.5%和19.2%,在60 dB的峰值幅度噪声比下,相较于传统均匀信号设计,显示出显著的性能提升。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能照明、室内定位和无线通信等。通过提升多用户可见光通信的总速率性能,能够在高密度用户环境中实现更高效的信号传输,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。
📄 摘要(原文)
This paper proposes a joint design of probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) and precoding to enhance the sum-rate performance of multi-user visible light communications (VLC) broadcast channels subject to signal amplitude constraint. In the proposed design, the transmission probabilities of bipolar $M$-pulse amplitude modulation ($M$-PAM) symbols for each user and the transmit precoding matrix are jointly optimized to improve the sum-rate performance. The joint design problem is shown to be a complex multivariate non-convex problem due to the non-convexity of the objective function. To tackle the original non-convex optimization problem, the firefly algorithm (FA), a nature-inspired heuristic optimization approach, is employed to solve a local optima. The FA-based approach, however, suffers from high computational complexity. Thus, using zero-forcing (ZF) precoding, we propose a low-complexity design, which is solved using an alternating optimization approach. Additionally, considering the channel uncertainty, a robust design based on the concept of end-to-end learning with autoencoder (AE) is also presented. Simulation results reveal that the proposed joint design with PCS significantly improves the sum-rate performance compared to the conventional design with uniform signaling. For instance, the joint design achieves $\mathbf{17.5\%}$ and $\mathbf{19.2\%}$ higher sum-rate for 8-PAM and 16-PAM, respectively, at 60 dB peak amplitude-to-noise ratio. Some insights into the optimal symbol distributions of the two joint design approaches are also provided. Furthermore, our results show the advantage of the proposed robust design over the non-robust one under uncertain channel conditions.