SG-CPG: Severity-Gated Central Pattern Generators for Adaptive Quadruped Locomotion under Continuous Actuator Degradation

📄 arXiv: 2609.25687v1 📥 PDF

作者: Adarsh Kumar Kosta, Kaushik Roy

分类: cs.RO, eess.SY

发布日期: 2026-09-22

备注: 8 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables


💡 一句话要点

提出SG-CPG以解决四足机器人在持续执行器退化下的适应性运动问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control)

关键词: 四足机器人 中央模式发生器 执行器退化 适应性运动 动态调整策略

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有的四足机器人在执行器退化时通常会面临步态切换的挑战,导致运动能力下降。
  2. SG-CPG通过引入残余门控和幅度门控,能够根据执行器的退化程度动态调整运动策略,保持稳定的步态。
  3. 实验结果显示,SG-CPG在高达93%的扭矩退化下仍能成功完成28次前进和转向试验,表现出优越的适应性。

📝 摘要(中文)

一只受伤的动物并不一定会改变步态,而是会卸载受影响的肢体,重新协调剩余的肢体,并根据受伤的严重程度调整反应。受此启发,本文提出了SG-CPG,一种用于四足运动的中央模式发生器,能够在持续的执行器退化下保持运动。SG-CPG保留了健康的CPG策略,并引入了两个基于严重程度的门控机制:残余门控和幅度门控。通过降低关节扭矩上限和缩放低级控制器增益,模拟执行器的渐进退化。仿真结果表明,SG-CPG在关节强度损失高达95%的情况下,仍能保持100%的生存率,并在真实环境中表现出色。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决四足机器人在执行器逐渐退化时的运动适应性问题。现有方法通常将故障视为离散的失败,导致步态切换和运动能力下降。

核心思路:SG-CPG的核心思路是模仿动物在受伤时的适应行为,通过动态调整运动策略来应对执行器的渐进退化,而不是简单地切换步态。

技术框架:SG-CPG的整体架构包括一个健康的CPG策略、残余门控和幅度门控。残余门控负责协调四条腿的运动,而幅度门控则根据退化程度逐步缩短受损腿的步幅。

关键创新:SG-CPG的主要创新在于引入了基于严重程度的门控机制,使得机器人能够在执行器退化的情况下保持健康的运动策略,避免了传统方法的步态切换。

关键设计:在设计中,采用了降低关节扭矩上限和缩放低级控制器增益的机制来模拟执行器的渐进退化,确保了在不同退化程度下的运动稳定性。实验中,去除任一门控机制都会显著增加受损关节的剪切率。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果表明,SG-CPG在95%的关节强度损失下仍能保持100%的生存率,并在真实环境中成功完成28次前进和转向试验,显示出优越的适应性。去除任一门控机制会导致受损关节的剪切率显著上升,证明了其重要性。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括机器人救援、探测和服务等场景,尤其是在执行器可能遭受损伤的情况下。SG-CPG的适应性运动策略能够提高机器人在复杂环境中的生存能力,具有重要的实际价值和未来影响。

📄 摘要(原文)

An animal with a weakened limb does not necessarily switch its gait, instead it unloads the affected limb, re-coordinates the remaining limbs, and scales its response with injury severity. This graded adaptation allows locomotion to persist despite partial loss of limb strength, rather than requiring a discrete transition between healthy and failed. Inspired by this behavior, we propose SG-CPG, a central pattern generator (CPG) for quadruped locomotion under continuous actuator degradation. SG-CPG preserves a frozen healthy CPG policy and introduces two severity-driven gates: a residual gate that re-coordinates all four legs and an amplitude gate that progressively shortens the weakened leg's stride as degradation increases. We emulate progressive degradation through two mechanisms: lowering the joint torque ceiling (ceiling mechanism) and scaling its low-level controller gains (gain mechanism), representing distinct forms of actuator weakening. Our simulations on a Unitree Go2 show that SG-CPG maintains a trot gait with 100% survival across an omnidirectional command schedule under 95% joint strength loss while tracking commands within 8%. Under a lowered torque ceiling, removing either severity path, the residual's severity observation or the amplitude gate, raises clipping at the weakened joint from 4.4% to 13.6% and 26.3% of steps at an 80% loss. On a real Go2, SG-CPG survives 28 of 29 forward and turning trials with up to 93% calf torque degradation. These results show that severity-gated adaptation can extend a healthy locomotion policy to progressive actuator degradation without treating the fault as a discrete failure.