Fusion of Indirect Methods and Iterative Learning for Persistent Velocity Trajectory Optimization of a Sustainably Powered Autonomous Surface Vessel
作者: Kavin M. Govindarajan, Devansh R Agrawal, Dimitra Panagou, Chris Vermillion
分类: cs.RO
发布日期: 2025-03-13
💡 一句话要点
提出结合间接方法与迭代学习的优化策略以提升自主水面船的速度轨迹
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control)
关键词: 自主水面船 速度轨迹优化 间接控制 迭代学习 太阳能 实时控制 障碍函数
📋 核心要点
- 现有方法在面对太阳能供给的周期性变化和天气干扰时,难以保证充电状态约束的持续可行性。
- 论文提出通过障碍函数收紧充电状态约束,并结合间接控制与迭代学习来优化速度轨迹。
- 仿真结果显示,该方法的性能接近于传统模型预测控制,但计算复杂度显著降低,适用于实时应用。
📝 摘要(中文)
本文提出了一种实时速度轨迹优化方法,适用于太阳能驱动的自主水面船(ASV),结合了间接最优控制技术与迭代学习。由于太阳能供给的周期性特征,ASV在运行中面临天气模式带来的干扰,导致充电状态约束的满足并不总能保证持续的可行性。为解决这一问题,研究首先利用障碍函数收紧充电状态约束,然后通过间接方法推导出简单的切换控制律,最终采用迭代学习来识别最优速度。仿真结果表明,该方法的性能接近于需要准确太阳能预测的模型预测控制方法,但计算能力要求显著降低。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决太阳能驱动的自主水面船在周期性操作中,由于天气干扰导致的充电状态约束不稳定的问题。现有方法在满足这些约束时,往往无法保证持续的可行性,影响了船只的长期运行效率。
核心思路:研究通过障碍函数来收紧充电状态约束,确保在最小必要范围内实现持续可行性。接着,利用间接方法推导出简单的切换控制律,最终通过迭代学习来识别每个时间段的最优速度。
技术框架:整体方法分为几个主要模块:首先是障碍函数的应用以调整约束;其次是间接控制方法的推导;最后是迭代学习的实现,用于动态调整最优速度。
关键创新:最重要的技术创新在于提出了一种简单的闭式控制律,避免了对太阳能预测的依赖,同时通过迭代学习实现了对最优速度的动态调整。这与传统的模型预测控制方法形成鲜明对比。
关键设计:在设计中,关键参数包括障碍函数的设置和迭代学习的更新策略。通过这些设计,确保了控制律的简单性和实时性,适应了自主水面船的运行需求。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,所提出的方法在仿真中表现出与传统模型预测控制相近的性能,且在计算复杂度上显著降低。具体而言,该方法在不依赖太阳能预测的情况下,能够实现高效的速度轨迹优化,提升了自主水面船的运行能力。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用场景包括海洋监测、环境调查及水上运输等领域。通过优化自主水面船的速度轨迹,可以提高其在复杂环境下的运行效率,降低能源消耗,促进可持续发展。未来,该方法有望推广至其他类型的自主系统,提升其智能化水平。
📄 摘要(原文)
In this paper, we present the methodology and results for a real-time velocity trajectory optimization for a solar-powered autonomous surface vessel (ASV), where we combine indirect optimal control techniques with iterative learning. The ASV exhibits cyclic operation due to the nature of the solar profile, but weather patterns create inevitable disturbances in this profile. The nature of the problem results in a formulation where the satisfaction of pointwise-in-time state of charge constraints does not generally guarantee persistent feasibility, and the goal is to maximize information gathered over a very long (ultimately persistent) time duration. To address these challenges, we first use barrier functions to tighten pointwise-in-time state of charge constraints by the minimal amount necessary to achieve persistent feasibility. We then use indirect methods to derive a simple switching control law, where the optimal velocity is shown to be an undetermined constant value during each constraint-inactive time segment. To identify this optimal constant velocity (which can vary from one segment to the next), we employ an iterative learning approach. The result is a simple closed-form control law that does not require a solar forecast. We present simulation-based validation results, based on a model of the SeaTrac SP-48 ASV and solar data from the North Carolina coast. These simulation results show that the proposed methodology, which amounts to a closed-form controller and simple iterative learning update law, performs nearly as well as a model predictive control approach that requires an accurate future solar forecast and significantly greater computational capability.