Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS: A Robust Decision-Making Framework for Robotic Manipulation in High Uncertainty Environments
作者: Xibai Wang
分类: cs.RO, cs.AI
发布日期: 2025-03-07
💡 一句话要点
提出Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS以解决高不确定性环境下决策问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱一:机器人控制 (Robot Control) 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 蒙特卡洛树搜索 机器人操作 决策优化 高不确定性环境 中间奖励塑造 实时优化 错误传播 启发式指导
📋 核心要点
- 现有MCTS方法在高不确定性环境中表现不佳,主要由于缺乏中间反馈导致决策次优和计算效率低下。
- 本文提出的Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS框架通过中间奖励塑造,动态调整搜索轨迹,结合规则验证、启发式指导和神经估计。
- 实验结果显示,与基线方法相比,该框架在决策准确性上提高了2-4%,并在不同不确定性水平下保持高性能。
📝 摘要(中文)
蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)已成为机器人决策的重要工具,但在高不确定性和噪声数据环境中,传统MCTS方法因依赖最终奖励评估而面临挑战。本文提出了Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS框架,通过引入中间奖励塑造,动态分配部分奖励,优化搜索路径,减轻错误传播的影响。实验表明,该方法在机器人操作任务中实现了2-4%的决策准确性提升,同时保持了计算的可行性。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决传统MCTS在高不确定性环境中决策不准确和计算效率低下的问题,现有方法依赖最终奖励评估,缺乏中间反馈。
核心思路:提出Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS框架,通过引入中间奖励塑造,动态调整搜索路径,以实时优化决策过程,减少错误传播。
技术框架:该框架包括三个主要模块:奖励中心、搜索路径优化和决策评估。奖励中心负责动态分配部分奖励,搜索路径优化则利用启发式和神经网络进行路径调整。
关键创新:最重要的创新在于引入中间奖励塑造机制,使得搜索过程能够在早期阶段就修剪错误决策路径,与传统方法相比,显著提高了决策的准确性和效率。
关键设计:在设计中,采用了基于规则的验证机制和启发式指导,结合神经网络进行奖励估计,确保了动态奖励分配的有效性。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
实验结果表明,Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS在机器人操作任务中相较于基线方法(如Chain-of-Thought提示和Vanilla ReST-MCTS)实现了2-4%的准确性提升,且在不同不确定性水平下表现出良好的鲁棒性,验证了中间反馈在搜索优化中的重要性。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括机器人抓取、自动化装配和复杂环境中的自主导航等。通过提高决策的准确性和效率,Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS能够在实际操作中显著提升机器人系统的性能,具有广泛的实际价值和未来影响。
📄 摘要(原文)
Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has emerged as a powerful tool for decision-making in robotics, enabling efficient exploration of large search spaces. However, traditional MCTS methods struggle in environments characterized by high uncertainty and noisy data due to their reliance on final-step reward evaluation. The lack of intermediate feedback during search often results in suboptimal decision-making and computational inefficiencies. This paper introduces Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS, a novel framework that enhances MCTS by incorporating intermediate reward shaping. The core of our approach is the Rewarding Center, which refines search trajectories by dynamically assigning partial rewards using rule-based validation, heuristic guidance, and neural estimation. By integrating these mechanisms, our method enables real-time optimization of search paths, mitigating the effects of error propagation. We evaluate Reward-Centered ReST-MCTS in robotic manipulation tasks under high uncertainty, demonstrating consistent improvements in decision accuracy. Compared to baseline methods, including Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting and Vanilla ReST-MCTS, our framework achieves a 2-4% accuracy improvement while maintaining computational feasibility. Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of intermediate feedback in search refinement, particularly in pruning incorrect decision paths early. Furthermore, robustness tests show that our method retains high performance across varying levels of uncertainty.