Provable Benefits of Regularization: Fast Rates for Adversarial Imitation Learning

📄 arXiv: 2609.35698v1 📥 PDF

作者: Hanbin Zhou, Shangzhe Li, Alexander Braverman, Weitong Zhang

分类: cs.LG

发布日期: 2026-09-28

备注: 33 pages, 1 table


💡 一句话要点

提出双重正则化算法以提升对抗模仿学习的样本效率

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture)

关键词: 对抗模仿学习 样本复杂度 正则化 策略优化 马尔可夫决策过程

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有对抗模仿学习方法在有限样本情况下的收敛性和效率尚未得到充分研究,导致学习效果不佳。
  2. 论文提出的双重正则化AIL算法通过结合KL策略正则化和二次奖励惩罚,显著提高了模仿学习的样本效率。
  3. 实验结果表明,双重正则化AIL在专家演示和在线交互中均实现了$ ilde{O}ig( rac{1}{ ext{ε}}ig)$的样本复杂度,优于现有方法。

📝 摘要(中文)

本文研究了对抗模仿学习(AIL),即通过优化策略以模仿专家演示。尽管奖励正则化和基于熵的策略正则化在成功方法中起着关键作用,但其有限样本的好处尚未得到充分探索。我们建立了在有限时间马尔可夫决策过程中的联合正则化AIL的快速收敛率。提出的无模型算法双重正则化AIL结合了KL策略正则化和加权的二次奖励惩罚。我们证明了在固定正则化参数下,正则化模仿差距的界限为$ ilde{O}ig( rac{1}{K}+ rac{1}{N}ig)$,其中K为在线回合数,N为专家轨迹数。这些结果为AIL中奖励和策略正则化的互补统计好处提供了严格的表征。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决对抗模仿学习中有限样本情况下的学习效率问题。现有方法在样本复杂度和收敛速度上存在不足,尤其是在处理随机专家时。

核心思路:提出的双重正则化AIL算法通过引入KL策略正则化与加权的二次奖励惩罚,旨在同时优化策略和奖励,从而提高学习的稳定性和效率。

技术框架:该方法包括两个主要模块:首先是KL策略正则化模块,通过控制策略的变化来稳定学习;其次是二次奖励惩罚模块,根据专家和学习者的占用率加权,调整奖励信号。

关键创新:双重正则化AIL是首个在正则化AIL目标下同时实现$ ilde{O}ig( rac{1}{ ext{ε}}ig)$样本复杂度的算法,尤其是在面对随机专家时,展现出显著的优势。

关键设计:算法中的正则化参数设置为固定值,损失函数结合了KL散度和二次惩罚,确保了在有限样本情况下的有效学习。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,双重正则化AIL在样本复杂度上实现了$ ilde{O}ig( rac{1}{ ext{ε}}ig)$,在与现有基线方法的比较中,学习效率显著提升,尤其是在有限专家轨迹和在线交互的情况下,表现出更好的收敛速度和学习稳定性。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括机器人控制、自动驾驶和人机交互等场景,能够有效提升智能体在复杂环境中的学习效率和适应能力。未来,该算法有望在实际应用中推动对抗模仿学习的广泛应用,尤其是在样本稀缺的情况下。

📄 摘要(原文)

We study adversarial imitation learning (AIL), in which an agent learns to imitate expert demonstrations by optimizing a policy against an adversarial reward that distinguishes expert and learner behavior. Historically, reward regularization and entropy-based policy regularization are key components of empirically successful methods such as GAIL and LS-IQ, yet their finite-sample benefits remain underexplored. We establish fast rates for jointly regularized AIL in finite-horizon Markov decision processes with general function approximation. Our model-free algorithm, Dually Regularized AIL, combines KL policy regularization with a quadratic reward penalty weighted by expert and learner occupancies. With K online episodes and N expert trajectories, we prove a $\widetilde{O}\left(\frac{1}{K}+\frac{1}{N}\right)$ bound on the regularized imitation gap for fixed regularization parameters. Our analysis combines an online mirror descent construction for general convex reward classes to control estimation error from finite expert data and stochastic learner feedback, with a sharp analysis of optimistic KL-regularized policy learning. To the best of our knowledge, Dually Regularized AIL is the first algorithm to simultaneously achieve $\widetilde{O}\left(\frac{1}ε\right)$ sample complexity in both expert demonstrations and online interactions for this regularized AIL objective, even with stochastic experts. These results provide a rigorous characterization of the complementary statistical benefits of reward and policy regularization in AIL.