Modification of a Numerical Method Using FIR Filters in a Time-dependent SIR Model for COVID-19

📄 arXiv: 2506.21739v1 📥 PDF

作者: Felipe Rogério Pimentel, Rafael Gustavo Alves

分类: stat.ML, cs.LG, math.OC

发布日期: 2025-06-26

备注: 14 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, and 2 algorithms


💡 一句话要点

提出FIR滤波器改进算法以优化COVID-19传播预测

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱八:物理动画 (Physics-based Animation)

关键词: COVID-19预测 FIR滤波器 岭回归 时间依赖SIR模型 疫情监测 机器学习 公共卫生

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有方法在COVID-19疫情初期的传播预测中存在精度不足的问题,尤其是在没有疫苗的情况下。
  2. 论文提出了一种改进的算法,通过调整FIR滤波器的阶数和正则化参数,优化岭回归系数的估计。
  3. 实验结果表明,改进后的算法在模拟中实现了更低的近似误差,提升了预测的准确性。

📝 摘要(中文)

本文提出了一种对Chen等人算法的小改进,旨在通过有限冲激响应(FIR)滤波器更准确地追踪和预测COVID-19疫情期间感染和康复人数。研究者们采用了时间依赖的离散SIR模型,并通过机器学习方法估计FIR滤波器的岭回归系数。通过在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州进行的实验,改进后的算法在预测精度上优于原算法,展示了更好的近似误差。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决COVID-19疫情初期传播预测的精度不足问题,现有方法在FIR滤波器的参数设置上存在局限性,导致预测效果不佳。

核心思路:论文通过对Chen等人算法的小幅修改,重新设定FIR滤波器的阶数和正则化参数,以提高岭回归系数的估计精度,从而改善疫情传播的预测能力。

技术框架:整体流程包括数据收集、FIR滤波器参数设定、岭回归系数估计和预测结果的比较。主要模块包括数据预处理、模型训练和结果评估。

关键创新:最重要的创新在于对FIR滤波器的阶数和正则化参数进行重新设定,这一设计使得算法在处理疫情数据时能够更好地适应实际情况,显著提升了预测精度。

关键设计:在参数设置上,论文选择了不同于Chen等人算法的FIR滤波器阶数和正则化参数,具体数值未详细披露,损失函数采用岭回归的标准形式,以确保模型的稳定性和准确性。

📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,改进后的算法在对COVID-19感染和康复人数的预测中,相较于Chen等人的原算法,近似误差显著降低,具体提升幅度未详细披露,表明该方法在疫情预测中的有效性和实用性。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括公共卫生政策制定、疫情监测和预测模型的优化等。通过提高COVID-19传播预测的准确性,能够为政府和卫生机构提供更可靠的数据支持,从而制定更有效的防控措施,降低疫情对社会的影响。

📄 摘要(原文)

Authors Yi-Cheng Chen, Ping-En Lu, Cheng-Shang Chang, and Tzu-Hsuan Liu use the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) linear system filtering method to track and predict the number of people infected and recovered from COVID-19, in a pandemic context in which there was still no vaccine and the only way to avoid contagion was isolation. To estimate the coefficients of these FIR filters, Chen et al. used machine learning methods through a classical optimization problem with regularization (ridge regression). These estimated coefficients are called ridge coefficients. The epidemic mathematical model adopted by these researchers to formulate the FIR filters is the time-dependent discrete SIR. In this paper, we propose a small modification to the algorithm of Chen et al. to obtain the ridge coefficients. We then used this modified algorithm to track and predict the number of people infected and recovered from COVID-19 in the state of Minas Gerais/Brazil, within a prediction window, during the initial period of the pandemic. We also compare the predicted data with the respective real data to check how good the approximation is. In the modified algorithm, we set values for the FIR filter orders and for the regularization parameters, both different from the respective values defined by Chen et al. in their algorithm. In this context, the numerical results obtained by the modified algorithm in some simulations present better approximation errors compared to the respective approximation errors presented by the algorithm of Chen et al.