RedCoast: A Lightweight Tool to Automate Distributed Training of LLMs on Any GPU/TPUs
作者: Bowen Tan, Yun Zhu, Lijuan Liu, Hongyi Wang, Yonghao Zhuang, Jindong Chen, Eric Xing, Zhiting Hu
分类: cs.LG
发布日期: 2023-10-25 (更新: 2024-06-12)
备注: RedCoast (Redco) has been released under Apache License 2.0 at https://github.com/tanyuqian/redco
💡 一句话要点
提出RedCoast以自动化大语言模型的分布式训练
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 大语言模型 分布式训练 模型并行 机器学习管道 自动化工具 代码简化 GPU TPU
📋 核心要点
- 现有的模型并行工具对用户的专业知识要求高,成为LLM开发的瓶颈,特别是对没有机器学习系统背景的开发者。
- RedCoast通过识别简单规则自动生成张量并行策略,简化了分布式训练和推理的过程,降低了用户的技术门槛。
- Redco在多个LLM架构上应用,显示出显著减少的代码行数,相比于官方工具,提升了开发效率。
📝 摘要(中文)
近年来,人工智能的进步主要归功于大语言模型(LLMs),但其不断增加的内存需求给机器学习研究人员带来了挑战。为了解决这一问题,开发者需要将大型模型划分并分布到多个GPU或TPU上,这需要大量的编码和复杂的配置。现有的模型并行工具如Megatron-LM、DeepSpeed和Alpa要求用户具备机器学习系统的专业知识,成为LLM开发的瓶颈。本文提出了RedCoast(Redco),一个轻量级且用户友好的工具,旨在自动化LLMs的分布式训练和推理,并简化机器学习管道的开发。Redco通过识别生成张量并行策略的简单规则,消除了额外编码和复杂配置的需求,并在多个LLM架构上验证了其有效性。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决大语言模型(LLMs)在分布式训练中的复杂性,现有工具对用户的专业知识要求高,导致开发效率低下。
核心思路:RedCoast通过自动化模型并行化,利用简单的规则生成张量并行策略,从而简化分布式训练和推理的过程,降低了技术门槛。
技术框架:Redco的整体架构包括两个主要模块:一是自动生成张量并行策略,二是通过定义少量函数来定制机器学习管道,避免冗余代码。
关键创新:Redco的核心创新在于其自动化的张量并行策略生成机制和简化的管道定制方法,这与现有工具相比,显著降低了用户的技术要求和编码复杂度。
关键设计:Redco的设计中,用户只需定义三个函数即可实现多种机器学习算法的管道,避免了多主机处理等冗余代码,提升了代码的可读性和可维护性。
🖼️ 关键图片
📊 实验亮点
在多个大语言模型架构(如GPT-J、LLaMA、T5和OPT)上,RedCoast的实现显示出显著减少的代码行数,相比于官方工具,提升了开发效率,证明了其在分布式训练中的有效性。
🎯 应用场景
RedCoast的潜在应用场景包括大语言模型的训练和推理,特别适用于缺乏机器学习系统背景的开发者。其简化的设计和自动化功能能够加速LLM的开发流程,推动相关领域的研究和应用。未来,Redco有望在多种机器学习算法中得到广泛应用,提升整体开发效率。
📄 摘要(原文)
The recent progress of AI can be largely attributed to large language models (LLMs). However, their escalating memory requirements introduce challenges for machine learning (ML) researchers and engineers. Addressing this requires developers to partition a large model to distribute it across multiple GPUs or TPUs. This necessitates considerable coding and intricate configuration efforts with existing model parallel tools, such as Megatron-LM, DeepSpeed, and Alpa. These tools require users' expertise in machine learning systems (MLSys), creating a bottleneck in LLM development, particularly for developers without MLSys background. In this work, we present RedCoast (Redco), a lightweight and user-friendly tool crafted to automate distributed training and inference for LLMs, as well as to simplify ML pipeline development. The design of Redco emphasizes two key aspects. Firstly, to automate model parallelism, our study identifies two straightforward rules to generate tensor parallel strategies for any given LLM. Integrating these rules into Redco facilitates effortless distributed LLM training and inference, eliminating the need of additional coding or complex configurations. We demonstrate the effectiveness by applying Redco on a set of LLM architectures, such as GPT-J, LLaMA, T5, and OPT, up to the size of 66B. Secondly, we propose a mechanism that allows for the customization of diverse ML pipelines through the definition of merely three functions, avoiding redundant and formulaic code like multi-host related processing. This mechanism proves adaptable across a spectrum of ML algorithms, from foundational language modeling to complex algorithms like meta-learning and reinforcement learning. As a result, Redco implementations exhibit significantly fewer lines of code compared to their official counterparts.