From Drone Imagery to Livability Mapping: AI-powered Environment Perception in Rural China
作者: Weihuan Deng, Yaofu Huang, Luan Chen, Xun Li, Yu Gu, Yao Yao
分类: cs.CY, cs.CV
发布日期: 2025-08-29 (更新: 2025-11-03)
💡 一句话要点
提出视觉-语言对比排名框架以解决农村环境感知问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 无人机照片 环境感知 农村宜居性评估 多模态大型语言模型 思维链提示
📋 核心要点
- 现有方法在农村环境感知中面临高成本和缺乏系统性的问题,限制了对环境要素的全面识别与量化。
- 本文提出的视觉-语言对比排名框架(VLCR)通过思维链提示策略,利用多模态大型语言模型识别无人机照片中的环境特征。
- 实验结果表明,该框架在Spearman Footrule距离上达到0.74,较主流模型提升约0.1,并在计算效率上实现三倍提升。
📝 摘要(中文)
获取农村街景图像的高成本限制了对农村地区的全面环境感知。无人机照片因其易获取、覆盖广泛和高空间分辨率的优势,成为大规模农村环境感知的可行方法。然而,缺乏系统的方法来识别无人机照片中的关键环境要素并量化其对环境感知的影响。为此,本文设计了一个视觉-语言对比排名框架(VLCR),用于中国农村的宜居性评估。该框架利用思维链提示策略,引导多模态大型语言模型(MLLMs)识别与生活质量和生态宜居性相关的视觉特征。为了解决村庄对比中的不稳定性,提出了一种文本描述约束的无人机照片对比策略,并开发了一种基于二分搜索插值的创新排名算法,以减少全国范围内的比较数量。该框架在性能上表现优越,Spearman Footrule距离为0.74,超越主流商业MLLMs约0.1,且并行比较和排名机制在计算效率上提升了三倍。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决农村地区环境感知中缺乏有效方法的问题,现有技术在获取和分析环境要素时存在高成本和不稳定性。
核心思路:通过设计视觉-语言对比排名框架(VLCR),结合思维链提示策略,引导多模态大型语言模型识别与农村宜居性相关的视觉特征,从而实现对环境要素的有效评估。
技术框架:该框架主要包括三个模块:1) 利用无人机图像提取视觉特征;2) 应用思维链提示策略指导模型识别环境要素;3) 采用文本描述约束的比较策略和基于二分搜索插值的排名算法进行高效的村庄对比。
关键创新:本文的主要创新在于提出了视觉-语言对比排名框架和基于文本描述的比较策略,显著提高了农村环境感知的准确性和效率,区别于传统方法的单一视觉分析。
关键设计:在模型设计中,采用了特定的损失函数以优化特征提取效果,并通过参数调优提升模型的稳定性和准确性,确保在不同村庄间的比较具有一致性。
📊 实验亮点
实验结果显示,提出的框架在Spearman Footrule距离上达到0.74,较主流商业多模态大型语言模型提升约0.1。此外,框架的并行比较和排名机制在计算效率上实现了三倍的提升,显著提高了大规模村庄对比的效率。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括农村规划、环境监测和政策制定等。通过提供对农村宜居性的系统评估,能够为政府和相关机构在资源分配和环境改善方面提供科学依据,具有重要的实际价值和社会影响。未来,该框架可扩展至其他地区的环境感知和评估。
📄 摘要(原文)
The high cost of acquiring rural street view images has constrained comprehensive environmental perception in rural areas. Drone photographs, with their advantages of easy acquisition, broad coverage, and high spatial resolution, offer a viable approach for large-scale rural environmental perception. However, a systematic methodology for identifying key environmental elements from drone photographs and quantifying their impact on environmental perception remains lacking. To address this gap, a Vision-Language Contrastive Ranking Framework (VLCR) is designed for rural livability assessment in China. The framework employs chain-of-thought prompting strategies to guide multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in identifying visual features related to quality of life and ecological habitability from drone photographs. Subsequently, to address the instability in pairwise village comparison, a text description-constrained drone photograph comparison strategy is proposed. Finally, to overcome the efficiency bottleneck in nationwide pairwise village comparisons, an innovation ranking algorithm based on binary search interpolation is developed, which reduces the number of comparisons through automated selection of comparison targets. The proposed framework achieves superior performance with a Spearman Footrule distance of 0.74, outperforming mainstream commercial MLLMs by approximately 0.1. Moreover, the mechanism of concurrent comparison and ranking demonstrates a threefold enhancement in computational efficiency. Our framework has achieved data innovation and methodological breakthroughs in village livability assessment, providing strong support for large-scale village livability analysis. Keywords: Drone photographs, Environmental perception, Rural livability assessment, Multimodal large language models, Chain-of-thought prompting.