Visual Structures Helps Visual Reasoning: Addressing the Binding Problem in VLMs
作者: Amirmohammad Izadi, Mohammad Ali Banayeeanzade, Fatemeh Askari, Ali Rahimiakbar, Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi, Hosein Hasani, Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah
分类: cs.CV, cs.AI, cs.LG
发布日期: 2025-06-27 (更新: 2025-11-10)
备注: Accepted to NeurIPS 2025 (Thirty-ninth Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems)
💡 一句话要点
提出VISER以解决视觉语言模型中的绑定问题
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱七:动作重定向 (Motion Retargeting) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)
关键词: 视觉推理 视觉语言模型 多模态学习 空间结构 序列解析
📋 核心要点
- 现有大型视觉语言模型在视觉推理中面临绑定问题,导致在计数、视觉搜索等任务中频繁出错。
- 本文提出的VISER方法通过引入低级空间结构,增强视觉输入并结合文本提示,实现了空间感知的顺序解析。
- 实验结果显示,VISER在多个视觉推理任务上显著提升了性能,尤其在视觉搜索和计数任务上表现突出。
📝 摘要(中文)
尽管大型视觉语言模型(LVLMs)取得了进展,但其在视觉推理方面的能力常常受到绑定问题的限制,即无法可靠地将感知特征与其正确的视觉指称关联。当前LVLMs主要并行处理视觉特征,缺乏空间基础的序列注意机制。本文提出了增强推理的视觉输入结构(VISER),通过低级空间结构增强视觉输入,并与文本提示配对,鼓励顺序和空间感知解析。实验证明,VISER在核心视觉推理任务上显著提升了性能,特别是在视觉搜索、计数和空间关系任务上分别提高了25.0%、26.8%和9.5%。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决大型视觉语言模型(LVLMs)在视觉推理中面临的绑定问题,即无法有效关联感知特征与其视觉指称,导致在计数、视觉搜索等任务中的错误率较高。
核心思路:论文提出的VISER方法通过引入低级空间结构来增强视觉输入,并与文本提示结合,鼓励模型进行顺序和空间感知的解析,从而改善推理能力。
技术框架:VISER的整体架构包括两个主要模块:首先是视觉输入模块,通过低级空间结构增强视觉特征;其次是文本提示模块,设计用于引导模型进行空间感知的顺序解析。
关键创新:VISER的核心创新在于将视觉输入的设计与文本提示相结合,强调视觉结构的重要性,超越了传统的纯语言推理策略。与现有方法相比,VISER在视觉推理任务中表现出更高的准确性和效率。
关键设计:在技术细节上,VISER采用了特定的空间结构参数设置,并设计了适应性的损失函数,以优化视觉特征与文本提示的结合效果。
📊 实验亮点
实验结果显示,VISER在视觉搜索、计数和空间关系任务上分别提高了25.0%、26.8%和9.5%的性能,并在2D数据集的场景描述中将编辑距离错误减少了0.32,显著优于纯文本策略。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能视觉搜索、自动图像描述生成以及人机交互等。通过提升视觉推理能力,VISER可以在多模态学习和理解中发挥重要作用,推动相关技术的实际应用和发展。
📄 摘要(原文)
Despite progress in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), their capacity for visual reasoning is often limited by the binding problem: the failure to reliably associate perceptual features with their correct visual referents. This limitation underlies persistent errors in tasks such as counting, visual search, scene description, and spatial relationship understanding. A key factor is that current LVLMs process visual features largely in parallel, lacking mechanisms for spatially grounded, serial attention. This paper introduces Visual Input Structure for Enhanced Reasoning (VISER), a simple, effective method that augments visual inputs with low-level spatial structures and pairs them with a textual prompt that encourages sequential, spatially-aware parsing. We empirically demonstrate substantial performance improvements across core visual reasoning tasks, using only a single-query inference. Specifically, VISER improves GPT-4o performance on visual search, counting, and spatial relationship tasks by 25.0%, 26.8%, and 9.5%, respectively, and reduces edit distance error in scene description by 0.32 on 2D datasets. Furthermore, we find that the visual modification is essential for these gains; purely textual strategies, including Chain-of-Thought prompting, are insufficient and can even degrade performance. VISER underscores the importance of visual input design over purely linguistically based reasoning strategies and suggests that visual structuring is a powerful and general approach for enhancing compositional and spatial reasoning in LVLMs.