iMD4GC: Incomplete Multimodal Data Integration to Advance Precise Treatment Response Prediction and Survival Analysis for Gastric Cancer

📄 arXiv: 2404.01192v1 📥 PDF

作者: Fengtao Zhou, Yingxue Xu, Yanfen Cui, Shenyan Zhang, Yun Zhu, Weiyang He, Jiguang Wang, Xin Wang, Ronald Chan, Louis Ho Shing Lau, Chu Han, Dafu Zhang, Zhenhui Li, Hao Chen

分类: eess.IV, cs.CV

发布日期: 2024-04-01

备注: 27 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables (under review)


💡 一句话要点

提出iMD4GC以解决胃癌多模态数据不完整问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 胃癌 多模态数据 数据集成 生存分析 治疗反应预测 机器学习 临床应用

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有多模态学习方法假设每位患者都有完整的模态数据,未能考虑临床中模态缺失的现实情况,导致信息损失和预测准确性下降。
  2. 本文提出的不完整多模态数据集成框架iMD4GC,通过单模态注意力层和跨模态交互层有效整合不同模态的信息,提升预测性能。
  3. iMD4GC在GastricRes、GastricSur和TCGA-STAD数据集上取得了显著的性能提升,AUC达到80.2%,C-index分别为71.4%和66.1%,超越了其他对比方法。

📝 摘要(中文)

胃癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤,2020年新发病例超过100万例。局部晚期胃癌(LAGC)占胃癌诊断的约三分之二,术前化疗(NACT)已成为标准治疗。然而,NACT的效果因患者而异,部分患者表现出治疗抵抗。现有多模态学习方法假设每位患者都有所有模态数据,这与临床实践不符。为此,本文提出了一种不完整多模态数据集成框架iMD4GC,旨在解决多模态数据不完整带来的挑战,实现精准的治疗反应预测和生存分析。iMD4GC通过单模态注意力层捕获模态内信息,并通过跨模态交互层探索模态间的互补信息,从而弥补缺失模态的信息损失。实验结果显示,iMD4GC在多个数据集上表现优异,AUC达到80.2%。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决胃癌患者多模态数据不完整的问题。现有方法假设所有模态数据均可用,未能有效处理模态缺失所导致的信息损失,从而影响预测准确性。

核心思路:iMD4GC框架通过引入单模态注意力层和跨模态交互层,捕获模态内外的信息,弥补缺失模态的不足,提升治疗反应预测和生存分析的准确性。

技术框架:iMD4GC的整体架构包括两个主要模块:单模态注意力层用于提取每个模态的特征,跨模态交互层用于探索不同模态之间的互补信息,形成完整的信息表示。

关键创新:iMD4GC的核心创新在于其处理不完整多模态数据的能力,通过设计单模态和跨模态的交互机制,有效提升了模型在信息缺失情况下的鲁棒性,与传统方法相比具有显著优势。

关键设计:在网络结构上,iMD4GC采用了多层的注意力机制,确保每个模态的信息被充分利用。同时,损失函数设计考虑了模态缺失的情况,以优化模型的学习过程。具体参数设置和网络架构细节在实验部分进行了详细描述。

📊 实验亮点

iMD4GC在GastricRes数据集上取得了80.2%的AUC,在GastricSur和TCGA-STAD数据集上分别达到了71.4%和66.1%的C-index,显著优于其他对比方法,展示了其在处理不完整多模态数据方面的有效性和优势。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括胃癌的临床治疗决策支持和个性化医疗。通过精准预测患者对化疗的反应,医生可以更好地制定治疗方案,提高患者的生存率和生活质量。未来,该方法也可扩展到其他类型癌症的多模态数据分析中。

📄 摘要(原文)

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, ranking as the fifth most common cancer with over 1 million new cases and 700 thousand deaths in 2020. Locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) accounts for approximately two-thirds of GC diagnoses, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has emerged as the standard treatment for LAGC. However, the effectiveness of NACT varies significantly among patients, with a considerable subset displaying treatment resistance. Ineffective NACT not only leads to adverse effects but also misses the optimal therapeutic window, resulting in lower survival rate. However, existing multimodal learning methods assume the availability of all modalities for each patient, which does not align with the reality of clinical practice. The limited availability of modalities for each patient would cause information loss, adversely affecting predictive accuracy. In this study, we propose an incomplete multimodal data integration framework for GC (iMD4GC) to address the challenges posed by incomplete multimodal data, enabling precise response prediction and survival analysis. Specifically, iMD4GC incorporates unimodal attention layers for each modality to capture intra-modal information. Subsequently, the cross-modal interaction layers explore potential inter-modal interactions and capture complementary information across modalities, thereby enabling information compensation for missing modalities. To evaluate iMD4GC, we collected three multimodal datasets for GC study: GastricRes (698 cases) for response prediction, GastricSur (801 cases) for survival analysis, and TCGA-STAD (400 cases) for survival analysis. The scale of our datasets is significantly larger than previous studies. The iMD4GC achieved impressive performance with an 80.2% AUC on GastricRes, 71.4% C-index on GastricSur, and 66.1% C-index on TCGA-STAD, significantly surpassing other compared methods.