Developing and Validating the Spanish Version of the Large Language Models Dependency Scale (LLM-D12-SP)

📄 arXiv: 2607.22041v1 📥 PDF

作者: Tran Gia Bao, Mo El-Haj, Sameha Al-Shakhsi, Antonio Garcia-Cabot, Raian Ali, Ala Yankouskaya

分类: cs.CL, cs.CY

发布日期: 2026-07-24

备注: 32 pages

期刊: Discover Psychology 2026

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8940489/v1


💡 一句话要点

提出西班牙语版大型语言模型依赖量表以评估心理依赖问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 大型语言模型 心理依赖 量表验证 西班牙语 心理测量工具

📋 核心要点

  1. 当前缺乏可靠的心理测量工具来评估对大型语言模型的依赖,尤其是在西班牙语人群中。
  2. 本文提出了西班牙语版大型语言模型依赖量表(LLM-D12-SP),用于评估对LLMs的工具性和关系性依赖。
  3. 研究结果显示,该量表具有良好的内部一致性和区分效度,并与互联网成瘾有正相关,验证了其有效性。

📝 摘要(中文)

随着大型语言模型(LLMs)在组织和工作环境中的广泛应用,评估对其心理依赖的可靠工具需求日益增长。本文首次验证了西班牙语版大型语言模型依赖量表(LLM-D12-SP),填补了西班牙语人群中缺乏有效心理测量工具的空白。研究结果表明,该量表具有良好的内部一致性和区分效度,并与互联网成瘾及对LLMs的信任感呈正相关,为跨语言的心理依赖研究提供了坚实的基础。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决缺乏针对西班牙语人群的心理依赖评估工具的问题。现有的量表主要集中在英语和阿拉伯语样本中,缺乏文化适应性和验证。

核心思路:研究者开发了LLM-D12-SP量表,旨在通过两维度(工具性依赖和关系性依赖)来全面评估对大型语言模型的心理依赖。这种设计考虑了LLMs在任务执行和社交互动中的双重角色。

技术框架:研究采用确认性因子分析来验证量表的结构,参与者为386名西班牙语使用者。量表分为两个子量表,分别评估工具性依赖和关系性依赖。

关键创新:该研究首次在西班牙语人群中验证了大型语言模型依赖量表,填补了文化适应性和心理测量工具的空白,提供了跨语言的支持。

关键设计:量表的内部一致性良好,Cronbach's alpha为0.89,工具性依赖为0.86,关系性依赖为0.85,显示出良好的测量可靠性。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果显示,LLM-D12-SP量表的内部一致性良好,Cronbach's alpha达到0.89,且两个依赖维度与互联网成瘾呈正相关,验证了量表的有效性和可靠性,为后续研究提供了坚实的基础。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的成果可广泛应用于心理学、组织行为学和人机交互等领域,帮助研究者和从业者更好地理解和评估人们对大型语言模型的心理依赖,进而优化其在工作环境中的应用和管理。

📄 摘要(原文)

There is a growing need for reliable and culturally validated instruments to assess psychological dependency on large language models (LLMs), particularly as LLMs are increasingly used for task execution, decision-making, and communication in organizational and work-related settings. This need is especially relevant for Spanish-speaking populations, where LLM adoption is rapidly expanding, yet validated psychometric tools remain scarce. The present study reports the first validation of the Spanish version of the Large Language Model Dependency Scale (LLM-D12-SP), extending prior validations conducted in English- and Arabic-speaking samples. The LLM-D12 is a two-dimensional instrument assessing Instrumental Dependency (reliance on LLMs for performing tasks and supporting decisions) and Relationship Dependency (psychological reliance on LLMs for companionship and social interaction). A total of 386 Spanish-speaking participants (M = 28.0 years, SD = 6.1; 55% male) completed the LLM-D12-SP. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89 total; 0.86 Instrumental; 0.85 Relationship). Discriminant validity analyses indicated that the two subscales represent related but distinct constructs. External validation showed that both dependency dimensions were positively associated with internet addiction and perceived trustworthiness of LLMs, while showing weak or no association with need for cognition. Together with prior English and Arabic validations, these findings establish cross-linguistic support for the scale's structure and provide a psychometrically sound tool for investigating psychological aspects of LLM use in organizational contexts.