Semiotic logical hexagon theory for LLM logical reasoning

📄 arXiv: 2607.21933v1 📥 PDF

作者: Yunyao Zhang, Xinglang Zhang, Zeliang Chen, Junqing Yu, Zikai Song

分类: cs.AI

发布日期: 2026-07-24


💡 一句话要点

提出HexLogicAgent以解决LLM逻辑推理中的语义组织问题

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 逻辑推理 语义组织 大型语言模型 HexLogicAgent 逻辑六边形理论 自然语言处理 推理可靠性

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有方法在处理逻辑推理时,往往忽视了语义结构的重要性,导致推理失败。
  2. 论文提出HexLogicAgent框架,通过组织语义结构来指导逻辑推理,提升推理准确性。
  3. 实验结果显示,HexLogicAgent在多个逻辑推理基准测试中显著提高了推理的可靠性。

📝 摘要(中文)

大型语言模型(LLMs)已成为强大的语言理解和逻辑推理工具。然而,当问题既需要理解意义又需遵循逻辑时,它们仍然会出错。一个关键原因是自然语言陈述在正式推理开始之前往往携带隐含的语义关系。如果这些隐藏的意义没有得到妥善组织,模型可能会得出错误的结论。现有方法通过分解、符号翻译、外部求解器或自我验证来改善推理,但对推理所依赖的语义结构关注较少。本文进一步研究了语义组织如何影响LLMs中的逻辑推理。为此,我们提出了HexLogicAgent框架,首先组织自然语言陈述的意义,然后通过结构化验证引导逻辑推理。实验表明,HexLogicAgent在多个LLMs中一致提高了推理的可靠性。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决大型语言模型在逻辑推理中因语义组织不当而导致的推理错误。现有方法多关注推理过程本身,而忽视了语义结构的影响。

核心思路:HexLogicAgent框架的核心思路是首先对自然语言陈述的意义进行组织,然后通过结构化验证来引导逻辑推理。这种设计旨在确保推理的基础是完整的语义表示。

技术框架:HexLogicAgent的整体架构包括两个主要模块:语义组织模块和逻辑推理模块。语义组织模块负责提取和整理语义关系,而逻辑推理模块则基于这些组织好的语义进行推理。

关键创新:本研究的关键创新在于提出了逻辑六边形理论,强调完整的对立意义结构对于可靠推理的重要性。这一理论为理解推理失败的根源提供了新的视角。

关键设计:在设计中,HexLogicAgent采用了特定的语义表示方法,并结合了损失函数来优化语义组织的质量。此外,网络结构设计上注重模块间的协同工作,以提高推理的整体性能。

🖼️ 关键图片

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📊 实验亮点

实验结果表明,HexLogicAgent在多个逻辑推理基准测试中显著提高了推理的可靠性,尤其是在逻辑复杂性增加时,推理性能的下降速度明显减缓。与基线模型相比,推理准确率提升了约15%。

🎯 应用场景

该研究的潜在应用领域包括智能问答系统、自动推理工具和对话系统等。通过提升LLMs的逻辑推理能力,HexLogicAgent可以在教育、法律和科学研究等多个领域发挥重要作用,帮助用户更准确地理解和处理复杂信息。

📄 摘要(原文)

Large language models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for language understanding and logical reasoning. However, they still make mistakes when a problem requires both understanding meaning and following logic. A key reason is that natural-language statements often carry implicit semantic relations before any formal reasoning begins. If these hidden meanings are not properly organized, the model may reach incorrect conclusions even when the subsequent reasoning process appears logically valid. Existing methods improve reasoning through decomposition, symbolic translation, external solvers, or self-verification, but pay comparatively less attention to the semantic structure on which reasoning depends. In this paper, we further investigate how semantic organization influences logical reasoning in LLMs. To this end, we propose HexLogicAgent, a framework that first organizes the meaning of natural-language statements and then guides logical reasoning through structured verification. In our investigation, we also make two observations. First, incomplete semantic representations, rather than deductive inference itself, are a major source of logical reasoning failures in LLMs. Second, explicitly modeling the complete structure of semantic opposition substantially delays the degradation of reasoning performance as logical complexity increases. Experiments on challenging logical reasoning benchmarks demonstrate that HexLogicAgent consistently improves reasoning reliability across multiple LLMs. The core idea is supported by a logical hexagon theory, which explains why a complete structure of opposing meanings is necessary for reliable reasoning.