Dyna-Think: Synergizing Reasoning, Acting, and World Model Simulation in AI Agents

📄 arXiv: 2506.00320v3 📥 PDF

作者: Xiao Yu, Baolin Peng, Ruize Xu, Michel Galley, Hao Cheng, Suman Nath, Jianfeng Gao, Zhou Yu

分类: cs.AI, cs.CL, cs.LG

发布日期: 2025-05-31 (更新: 2025-10-10)


💡 一句话要点

提出Dyna-Think框架以提升AI代理的推理与行动能力

🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture) 支柱九:具身大模型 (Embodied Foundation Models)

关键词: 推理能力 世界模型 动态训练 模仿学习 AI代理 长时间任务 决策能力

📋 核心要点

  1. 现有方法在长时间任务中缺乏有效的行为指导,导致AI代理性能不足。
  2. Dyna-Think框架整合了推理、行动与世界模型仿真,提升了AI代理的决策能力。
  3. 实验显示,Dyna-Think在多个任务中表现优越,生成的token数量减少了50%。

📝 摘要(中文)

近年来,基于大型语言模型(LLMs)的推理能力取得了显著进展,但在长时间任务中,AI代理的有效行为仍不明确。本文提出Dyna-Think框架,将规划、内部世界模型、推理与行动相结合,以增强AI代理的性能。为实现Dyna-Think,提出了Dyna-Think模仿学习(DIT)和Dyna-Think动态训练(DDT)。DIT通过重建思维过程,专注于与计划行动相关的世界模型仿真,并利用重建数据训练策略。DDT则采用两阶段训练过程,首先提升代理的世界建模能力,然后通过策略训练改善行动。实验结果表明,Dyna-Think在OSWorld和WindowsAgentArena上显著提升了代理的性能。

🔬 方法详解

问题定义:本文旨在解决AI代理在长时间任务中推理与行动能力不足的问题。现有方法未能有效整合推理与世界模型,导致性能不佳。

核心思路:Dyna-Think框架通过结合内部世界模型与推理、行动,提升AI代理的综合表现。设计上强调世界模型仿真与计划行动的紧密结合。

技术框架:Dyna-Think包含两个主要模块:Dyna-Think模仿学习(DIT)和Dyna-Think动态训练(DDT)。DIT重建思维过程以训练策略,DDT则通过两阶段训练提升世界建模与行动能力。

关键创新:Dyna-Think的创新在于将世界模型仿真与推理、行动相结合,形成了一个新的思维框架,与传统方法相比,显著提升了AI代理的决策能力。

关键设计:在DIT中,重建的数据用于训练策略,DDT则通过状态预测和批评生成等目标提升世界建模能力,最终通过策略训练改善行动效果。

📊 实验亮点

实验结果表明,Dyna-Think在OSWorld和WindowsAgentArena上实现了与R1相似的最佳性能,同时生成的token数量平均减少了50%。此外,使用批评生成进行世界模型训练显著提升了策略性能,表明更好的世界建模能力与代理性能之间存在正相关关系。

🎯 应用场景

Dyna-Think框架具有广泛的应用潜力,尤其在需要复杂决策和长时间规划的领域,如自动驾驶、机器人控制和智能助手等。其集成的推理与行动能力将推动AI代理在实际应用中的表现,提升人机交互的智能化水平。

📄 摘要(原文)

Recent progress in reasoning with large language models (LLMs), such as DeepSeek-R1, demonstrates impressive capabilities in domains like mathematics and coding, by exhibiting complex cognitive behaviors such as verification, goal decomposition, and self-reflection. However, it is unclear what behavior is effective and what behavior is missing for long-horizon AI agents tasks. In this work, we propose Dyna-Think, a thinking framework that integrates planning with an internal world model with reasoning and acting to enhance AI agent performance. To enable Dyna-Think, we propose Dyna-Think Imitation Learning (DIT) and Dyna-Think Dyna Training (DDT). To initialize a policy with Dyna-Think, DIT reconstructs the thinking process of R1 to focus on performing world model simulation relevant to the proposed (and planned) action, and trains the policy using this reconstructed data. To enhance Dyna-Think, DDT uses a two-stage training process to first improve the agent's world modeling ability via objectives such as state prediction or critique generation, and then improve the agent's action via policy training. We evaluate our methods on OSWorld and WindowsAgentArena, and demonstrate that Dyna-Think improves the agent's in-domain and out-of-domain performance, achieving similar best-of-n performance compared to R1 while generating 2x less tokens on average. Our extensive empirical studies reveal that 1) using critique generation for world model training is effective to improve policy performance; and 2) AI agents with better performance correlate with better world modeling abilities. We believe our results suggest a promising research direction to integrate world model simulation into AI agents to enhance their reasoning, planning, and acting capabilities.