Revisiting Multi-Agent World Modeling from a Diffusion-Inspired Perspective
作者: Yang Zhang, Xinran Li, Jianing Ye, Shuang Qiu, Delin Qu, Xiu Li, Chongjie Zhang, Chenjia Bai
分类: cs.MA, cs.AI, cs.LG
发布日期: 2025-05-27 (更新: 2025-10-24)
备注: Accepted at NIPS'25
🔗 代码/项目: GITHUB
💡 一句话要点
提出基于扩散模型的多智能体世界建模方法以提升样本效率
🎯 匹配领域: 支柱二:RL算法与架构 (RL & Architecture)
关键词: 多智能体强化学习 世界模型 扩散模型 样本效率 动态建模 结构依赖关系 智能体建模
📋 核心要点
- 现有的多智能体强化学习方法在建模环境时面临联合动作空间复杂性和动态不确定性的问题,导致样本效率低下。
- 本文提出了一种新的建模方法,聚焦于状态空间,通过顺序建模逐步解决不确定性,并捕捉智能体间的依赖关系。
- DIMA在多个基准测试中表现出色,显著提高了最终回报和样本效率,超越了MAMuJoCo和Bi-DexHands等先前模型。
📝 摘要(中文)
近年来,世界模型因其在多智能体强化学习(MARL)中提高策略学习的样本效率而受到关注。然而,由于多智能体系统中联合动作空间的指数级复杂性和动态的不确定性,准确建模环境面临挑战。为此,本文通过转变建模思路,聚焦于每个时间步的状态空间,采用顺序智能体建模的方法,逐步解决不确定性并捕捉智能体之间的结构依赖关系。我们提出的扩散启发的多智能体世界模型(DIMA)在多个多智能体控制基准上实现了最先进的性能,显著超越了先前的世界模型,建立了多智能体世界模型构建的新范式。
🔬 方法详解
问题定义:本文旨在解决多智能体强化学习中环境建模的复杂性与不确定性问题。现有方法在处理联合动作空间时,往往导致样本效率低下,难以准确捕捉智能体间的动态关系。
核心思路:论文的核心思路是通过顺序建模智能体的状态,而非联合建模整个状态-动作转移动态,从而降低建模复杂性。这种方法能够逐步揭示智能体的行为,进而更好地捕捉其对环境状态的影响。
技术框架:DIMA的整体架构包括多个模块,首先是状态空间的建模,其次是智能体行为的顺序揭示,最后通过扩散模型进行动态建模。该框架能够有效整合智能体间的结构依赖关系。
关键创新:DIMA的主要创新在于将扩散模型的逆过程与多智能体系统的顺序建模相结合,提供了一种新的视角来处理不确定性。这一方法在表达能力和训练稳定性上优于传统的自回归或潜变量模型。
关键设计:在模型设计中,采用了特定的损失函数来优化状态空间的表示,同时在网络结构上引入了扩散模型的机制,以确保模型在训练过程中的稳定性和高效性。
📊 实验亮点
DIMA在多个多智能体控制基准测试中表现优异,特别是在MAMuJoCo和Bi-DexHands上,显著提高了最终回报和样本效率,超越了现有的世界模型,展示了其在多智能体强化学习领域的领先地位。
🎯 应用场景
该研究的潜在应用领域包括多智能体系统的协作任务、智能交通管理、机器人群体控制等。通过提升样本效率和建模准确性,DIMA能够在复杂环境中实现更高效的决策和控制,具有重要的实际价值和广泛的应用前景。
📄 摘要(原文)
World models have recently attracted growing interest in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) due to their ability to improve sample efficiency for policy learning. However, accurately modeling environments in MARL is challenging due to the exponentially large joint action space and highly uncertain dynamics inherent in multi-agent systems. To address this, we reduce modeling complexity by shifting from jointly modeling the entire state-action transition dynamics to focusing on the state space alone at each timestep through sequential agent modeling. Specifically, our approach enables the model to progressively resolve uncertainty while capturing the structured dependencies among agents, providing a more accurate representation of how agents influence the state. Interestingly, this sequential revelation of agents' actions in a multi-agent system aligns with the reverse process in diffusion models--a class of powerful generative models known for their expressiveness and training stability compared to autoregressive or latent variable models. Leveraging this insight, we develop a flexible and robust world model for MARL using diffusion models. Our method, Diffusion-Inspired Multi-Agent world model (DIMA), achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple multi-agent control benchmarks, significantly outperforming prior world models in terms of final return and sample efficiency, including MAMuJoCo and Bi-DexHands. DIMA establishes a new paradigm for constructing multi-agent world models, advancing the frontier of MARL research. Codes are open-sourced at https://github.com/breez3young/DIMA.